consequences of the Mongol inv essays

consequences of the Mongol inv essays What were the consequences of the Mongol invasion on Kievan Russia? The question about the consequences of the Mongol invasion is considered one of the most difficult in the history of Russia. Definitely, they had a great impact on demographics, agriculture, social, political and cultural development of the territories. Generally speaking, the influence of 200-year-long yoke was negative. It brought wholesale devastation and massacre to Russia. (Nicholas V. Riasanovsky, A History of Russia, 20) For instance, a Mongol chronicle states that Batu and his lieutenants destroyed the towns of the Russians and killed or captured all their inhabitants. As a result the serious diminish of the population acured after. Those people, who survived the tatar raids, in order to avoid the new routs, had to escape to the more secure territories- West and North-West of Volgo-Ocksk Mezhdureche. (Phroyanov, The History of Russia from Ancient Times Until Beginning of the XXc.) All these people didnt have any lands and were unable to pay dan. So they had to ask for help the gentry. As a result of it, slowly but surly the number of dependent feudal farmers increased. At the same time the standing of the gentry, especially the princes, changed. If before they received most of their profits from dan, kormlenie, and pol ude, now they cant use them anymore, everything must be given to Hord. Therefore, the only way for them to survive was to change their orientation to agriculture. That what actually happened: the huge increase in the number of large private land estates took place in the end of the XIII-XIVcc. The role of prince in the political sphere also increased. During the time of Kievan Russia, the Prince depended upon veche, which could even exile him. However, now they came to the cities with yarlick, or even with khans troops, which implies their increasing power. The imp...

How to Use the French Expression Jen Ai Ras le Bol

How to Use the French Expression Jen Ai Ras le Bol If youre a French speaker and youre frustrated, you might find yourself exclaiming, Jen ai ras le  bol! This informal phrase can be used to express everything from general discontent to extreme frustration, depending on how its used in conversation.   Expression: Jen ai ras le bol!Pronunciation: [zha(n) nay ra l(eu) buhl]Meaning: Im sick of it! Im fed up! Ive had it up to here!Literal translation: I have a bowl full of it.Register: informalNotes: The French expression jen ai ras le bol doesnt specify what your bowl is full of, but its probably safe to assume that its aggravation, frustration, or one of their close cousins.   Ras-le-bol can also serve as an exclamation indicating that enough is enough, or as a noun referring to general dissatisfaction. Examples   Ã‚  Ã‚  Il pleut depuis deux semaines, et jen ai ras le bol  !  Ã‚  Ã‚  Its been raining for two weeks, and Im sick of it!  Ã‚  Ã‚  Le ras-le-bol à ©tudiant augmente depuis des annà ©es.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Student unrest has been on the rise for years. Synonymous Expressions (informal): Jen ai marre, Jen ai assez, Jen ai ma claque, Jai ma dose, Jen ai plein le dos, Jen ai plein les bottes, Jen ai ras la casquette(normal register): Je ne peux plus le supporter, La coupe est pleine More Expressions with avoirExpressions with enMost common French phrases

Accounting Princeple Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Accounting Princeple - Essay Example (Schroeder, Clark and Cathey, 2010 p21) This is a write-out set to discuss the issue of professional ethics of accounting breach and more specifically it will pick one case that has occurred relating to this, which is a documented example. The study will give a comprehensive unfolding of events of this case. The case to be discussed is that of Bernie Madoff, who was sentenced in mid-year 2009 for his involvement in investors’ defrauding. This went down as one of the largest cases of its kind. Bernie was sentenced to a 150-year jail term. This process of defrauding commenced few decades before 2009 and the main set up to deceive investors was the Ponzi scheme that was to pose as an investment management organization. The firm operating this kind of business was Bernard L. Madoff Securities Limited Liability Company. In such aforementioned scheme, the manager just utilizes money obtained from the new entrant investors to cater for the payment of the already existing ones. This, thus, is a payment not based on the firm’s returns as would have been expected professionally. Ponzi schemes are renowned for their rapid caving in, but the case of Bernard was different. He was popular, reputable as well as a person with strong personal contacts, which enabled his prolonged survival. (Reeve, Duchac and Warren, 2011 p5) The Bernard Madoff case according to bizcovering.com website was that of a mega-thief. He was an auditor in New York. This auditor was discovered to have been appending signatures upon financial statements that were fraudulent. Following the scandal, an employee of Bernard Madoff, Friehling is facing a jail term as well. The fraudulent actions occurred from 1991 through 2008 and they were organized from the storefront set up in New York. The conviction of Mister Friehling was because of several ethically incorrect issues in the field of accounting with the inclusion of abetting as well as aiding adviser

Marketing Mix Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Marketing Mix - Essay Example According to Peterson, the best way to market a brushless car washer in Terre Haute is by using the media houses, for instance, the television networks. Since television is a common property in most regions, the wash can be marketed through this means by simply airing the whole advertisement on the local television network so that people can view the operations of the device and make purchases (Peterson). As the business to business, B2B, deals with the delivery of goods and services between different business units targeting large market opportunities, business to consumer, B2C, deals with the provision of these goods and services to from the business unit to the other consumers targeting smaller customer bases. Â  Besides, as B2B operations create their identity through the personal branding often created over time following a multiple of steps, the B2C enterprises create this through long-term imagery initiated stepwise (Peterson). The factors that affect business in Terre Haute are both from within and from without and include; the national politics and legal affairs of a country which contributes in creating an enabling environment for the businesses to operate fully, the socio-economic factors such as the availability of capital as well as the people's beliefs concerning certain goods traded on which actually determines the consumer trends. The other factor is technological adoption which determines the rate and quality of the products released to the market consequently affecting the consumer trends.

Network Consultant Scenarios Essay Example for Free

Network Consultant Scenarios Essay Complete Case Projects 3-1, 3-2, 3-3 of Guide to Networking Essentials. After determining if a client-based or client/server model will be used, substantively justify your choice in 200 to 300 words. Case Project 3-1 The changes in equipment that are required to bring this company’s network up to date to solve the shared bandwidth problem is replacing the hubs with fast ethernet switches and a router. You could make subnets for each department of the company, creating different collision domains which would eliminate dropped packets. The throughput would be increased based upon the upgraded switch/router. Also Setup a file server to store the large files. I would the issue of this problem by using a mesh topology and run over 300Ft of Cat 5 cable to a single point. You could also run the cable through metal conduits along walls or on the floor or you could always implement a wireless system to solve the ceiling issue. Case Project 3-2 The topology that should be used in this network is an extended star topology because it is a bit more advanced than the regular star topology. Instead of connecting all devices to a central unit, sub-central devices are added in. This allows more functionality for organization. The Extended Star Topology is all but necessary to prevent degraded signals and it is also better for bigger networks. Also the network would be server based because connection will be coming from one central point for all computers allowing for information to be shared between users. There will be as many computers needed for each user of the company, E.biz had 250 computers and five servers so I would probably stick with the 250 computers. The easiest device to reconfigure in an extended star topology would be computers because they would be the last to be connected in the topology. The device that offers the best access to the network medium’s bandwidth would be the hubs connected to the central poi nt because it will be the middle man between the  computer and central point device. Case Project 3-3 This network will be server based because since employees need to access company information and it can be confidential the security level on using a server based network will help control the access of files. There would need to be at least 45 computers connected to the network for the 25 users in the front of the factory and 20 for the workstations on each factory floor. The topology to be used in this case would be physical star topology because all connections will come from one central point, since there are many areas of the factory that will need connection having a central point for connection makes more sense.

Respect in a Scene from Death of a Salesman :: essays research papers

In every book there is a scene, one specific scene that the whole entire story can relate to. In The Death of a Salesman, Willy talks about a salesman, Dave Singleman who was well known and respected. Dave was a true salesman and Willy wanted that not only for himself but also for his son, Biff. Therefore he tried whatever he could to try and lead a life based on Dave. This scene portrays the respect that one person could have and the reflection and inheritance from one person to another. Willy Loman is an aged salesman who has found a fork in the road. Willy lost his job and so in this scene Willy tries to earn a job by explaining his story of Dave Singleman. Willy is telling this story to Howard, a businessman in which he wants to earn a job from. After explaining the story, hoping to gain respect from Howard, Willy has not succeeded because Howard had not given the Willy a job, and doesn?t plan to in the future. Though Willy still finds strength and determination in himself and soon turns to his son, Biff. Biff is an adult who has yet to find a job because of his failing math grade. Willy wants Biff to follow his footsteps and invest in a job as a salesman. Even though in this scene Dave is only mentioned once throughout the entire book, it takes on a lot of importance to relate his story to the book as a whole. Dave?s respect and gratitude towards others is what Willy had and what Willy wants Biff to have as well. In this scene Willy says how much respect Dave Singleman had as a salesman before he passed away. ? ?Cause what would be more satisfying than to be able to go, at the age of eighty-four, into twenty or thirty different cities, and pick up a phone, and be remembered and loved and helped by so many different people (Act 2, page 61). This sentence shows how Dave and Willy are alike because they both are known wherever they go. This shows how much they are respected and loved by their buyers and how Willy wants to pass this characteristic of a salesman on to his son Biff. In the book, many scenes show how well Willy was known and no one would forget his name. ? Because the man who makes an appearance in the business world, the man who creates personal interest, is the man who gets ahead.

Ten Most Beautiful Experiments

Science in all of its forms and varieties has surpassed many events that have changed its path and the way many individuals view the art. The experiments behind the many concepts of science seem all together complicated and uninteresting when viewed with the naked eye. But, when the cloth is pulled away from the shun reality we truly see what a beautiful experiment is. In the eye of a scientist, beauty lies in the simplicity and ingenuity of the design, and the unambiguous result that opens a new world of understanding. In George Johnsons’ book, The Ten Most Beautiful Experiments, he explores the difficult experiments and explains them in the simplest form. This book establishes a state of wide-eyed wonder through white light split into a rainbow, locating pulse in our own neck, and allows us to peer through a microscope or fire up a Bunsen burner for the very first time. The ideas of many known figures such as Galileo, Newton, and Pavlov, as well as many unsung heroes such as Harvey, Galvani, Joule, and many more are explored in this simple yet enticing book. The first chapter describes Galileo’s studying motion by focusing on a ball experiment instead of the famed Galileo dropping things from the leaning tower of Pisa. In fact in this book Johnson believes that the whole phenomenon never happened and instead focuses on the science of the matter. Galileo carved a groove down the centre of a board about 20 feet long and 10 inches wide. Then he propped it at an angle and timed how quickly the balls rolled down the track. What he discovered was that the distance the ball travels is proportional to the square of the time that has elapsed. Along the ball's path, he placed cat-gut frets, like those on a lute. As the rolling ball clicked against the frets, Galileo sang a tune, using the upbeats to time the motion. This series of events allowed Galileo to show that heavier objects do not fall faster than light ones and to figure out the math for the acceleration of falling bodies. The second chapter describes how William Harvey showed that one form of blood circulates throughout the body, not two. How did an individual display such a complex finding, Harvey had the help of a snake. He needed to observer the flow of blood at a slower pace than many had tested before. Which gave him the idea to use a reptile since they have colder blood, which made its heart beat more leisurely Harvey sliced open a live snake and, while pinching its or main vein, watched as the heart into which it pumped blood grew paler and smaller. He then pinched the snake’s main artery and saw how obstructing the flow caused the heart to swell. When Harvey released the grip, the heart refilled and sprung back to life. Pinching the heart's main artery had the opposite effect where the space between heart and forceps became gorged with blood, inflating like a balloon. It was the heart, was the driving motor, pushing red blood to the extremities of the body. By completing his radical experiment Harvey proved that blood circulated an idea that was so far-fetched managed to overturn the assertion of Galen. In fact Galen had taught that the body contains two separate vascular systems. The first was a blue â€Å"vegetative† fluid, the elixir of nourishment and growth, coursed through the veins. The second was a bright red â€Å"vital† fluid travelled through the arteries, activating the muscles and stimulating motion. Invisible spirits, or â€Å"pneuma†, caused the fluids to slosh back and forth like the tides. The third chapter describes one of the most famed scientists of all time Sir Isaac Newton. He had many discoveries some relating to gravity, calculus, and light spectrums. Newton carefully reviewed what others before him had found and added some observations of his own. In Newton's day, Europe's great scientists believed that white light was pure and fundamental. When it bounced off a colored object or passed through a tinted liquid or glass, it became stained somehow with color. Newton cut a hole in his window shutter and held a prism in the path of the sun, spreading the light into a spectrum. Then he funneled the spectrum through a second prism. He allowed the colors to pass, one by one, through the second prism. Starting at the red end and progressing toward the blue, each color was bent a little more by the glass. Through this exercise Newton had discovered that light consisted of a heterogeneous mixture of different rays. The fourth chapter describes Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier who changed the theory of ash by discovering oxygen. In his experiment he took mercury and heated it in a closed beaker, to develop an almost closed system. Lavoisier heated this until a crust formed or calx which is a reddish color in mercury. After a few days of doing this when he wasn’t producing anymore of the calx, he skimmed it off and isolated it. He placed the isolated mercury in a flask and heated it until it started giving off a gas. He noted that it burned â€Å"with a dazzling splendor†. Calx was not metal without phlogiston, but metal combined with name oxygen. Left behind in the flask was a gas that extinguished flames, now called nitrogen. Lavoisier discovered the nature of oxidation and the chemical composition of the air. The fifth chapter and probably one of the most interesting was of Luigi Galvani the man who accidently discovered â€Å"animal electricity†. Galvani found, the frog's leg would move, seemingly of its own accord, as it hung from a hook, even in the clearest weather. His fellow citizen Volta was assured that electricity was produced by the touching of two different metals. In this case was the frog's leg had hung on a brass hook from an iron rail, virtually being non-biological. Volta confirmed that electricity can indeed come from two metals through his invention of the battery, while Galvani went on to show that there is electricity in the body. He took a dissected frog and nudged a severed nerve against another using a probe made of glass. No metal was involved, but when nerve touched nerve, the muscle contracted as if someone had closed a switch. The sixth chapter describes Michael Faraday who had performed a suite of experiments showing the linkage between electricity and magnetism. Throughout these experiments he invented the the electric motor and the dynamo. Using an Argand oil lamp, Faraday projected polarized light through a block of glass, alongside of which sat a powerful electromagnet. Holding a polarizing filter, called a Nicol prism, to his eye, he rotated it until the light was extinguished. Then he switched on the current. The image of the flame suddenly reappeared. He turned the magnet off and the flame disappeared. The magnetic field, he realized, was twisting the light beam – and if the polarity of the field was reversed, the light beam rotated the other way. Faraday had unified two more forces, demonstrating that light was actually a form of electromagnetism. The seventh chapter was on James Joule and how he discovered that heat was just not nay simple thing but a form of motion. Joule's effort to show that heat and work are related ways of converting energy into motion. This is probably why energy and work are measured in Joules. He took it upon himself to test the theory of caloric or invisible heat in which it will rise up the shaft until you can feel the warmth in the handle. According to this theory, the reason something gets hot when you rub it is because you abrade the surface and let some caloric out. However Joule tested this theory by a rigging of pulleys and weights, he spun a paddle wheel inside a vessel of water and carefully measured the change in temperature. The motion of the paddle made the water warmer, and the relationship was precise where raising one pound of the liquid by one degree took 772 foot-pounds of work. The eighth chapter discusses Albert Abraham Michelson and he set out to prove the existence of the aether. This substance was the fixed backdrop of the universe in which our planet swam as it moved through space. In his apparatus, two beams of light travelled in perpendicular directions. The beam moving upstream with the earth's orbit was slowed by the wind of the aether, while the other beam should be less affected. By comparing their velocities with an interferometer, Michelson would calculate the motion of the Earth, but the speed of the two beams was the same. With help from Edward Morley, Michelson made the measurements much more precisely. Still there was not a hint of aether. In fact, the experiment was a beautiful failure. The ninth chapter discussed man’s best friend thanks to Ivan Pavlov, who had shown how learning was a matter of creatures forming new connections in a living machine. Contrary to legend, Pavlov hardly ever used bells in his experiments with salivating dogs. He conditioned the animals to distinguish between objects rotating clockwise or counter-clockwise, between a circle and an ellipse, even between subtle shades of gray. First, a dog was trained to salivate when it heard an ascending scale, but not a descending one. The melodies were played and the spittle collected. Through simple conditioning, the dog had categorized the music it heard into two groups, depending on whether the pitches were predominantly rising or falling. The mind had lost a bit of its mystery, The tenth chapter or final experiment was on Robert Millikan and how he showed that charge, came in discrete quantities. Millikan's used two round brass plates, with the top one having a hole drilled through the centre. Both plates were mounted on a stand and illuminated from the side by a bright light. The plates were then connected to a 1,000-volt battery. With a perfume atomizer, Millikan sprayed a mist of oil above the apparatus and watched through a telescope as some of the droplets fell into the area between the plates. As he jerked the voltage, he watched as some drops were pushed slowly upward while others were pulled down. Their passage through the atomizer had ionized them, giving the drops negative or positive charges. Thus resulting in what we now call electrons. Johnson's book makes one wonder whether contemporary science might benefit from a bit of the passion and poverty that helped shape these ten beautiful experiments. One might even ask why these and why not include women. Johnson did not play favorites in fact he even mentioned how at one point after publishing the book he had second guessed himself but either way the book accomplished one thing of any. It accomplished in teaching me how the things that I take a mere facts were the hard work of trial and error of many individuals. Such as Harvey for example who proved that blood circulates in one form throughout the body. Something that I just take as a given and don’t consider the amount of work needed to formulate this conclusion. Johnson put it in such a simple context that appreciating the work was truly beautiful.

Describe and Evaluate Biological Explanations of Depression

Describe and evaluate biological explanations of depression There are many different explanations for depression, including biological. Links have been found between biochemical, genetics and hormonal imbalances with depressed people. In the biochemical explanation, a link has been found between neurotransmitter imbalances and depression. Serotonin is associated with pleasure and mood. Mann et al found impaired transmission of serotonin in people with depression. However Julian disagrees with this statement and says depression may be due to neuron damage rather than a neurotransmitter reduction.The problem with this approach is that it implies correlation and not causation, there may be a link but something else could be causing both depression and low serotonin. There is the chicken and egg problem – does low serotonin cause depression or does depression cause low serotonin? In other areas of psychology low serotonin has been linked with increased aggression and eating disord ers, as well as anxiety. Someone that has low serotonin does not necessarily become depressed. There is also the problem where people are depressed but have normal serotonin levels.This shows that depression is not fully down to biochemical imbalances but other things as well. It is a very simplistic and reductionist model and should only be included as a vulnerability and not the whole answer to depression. Another explanation is a genetic problem. Through many family studies Gershon states there is a clear inheritable component to depression, especially in bipolar disorder. Weisseman et al supports this by saying that for if a child has a parent with depression, the risk of the child having depression is increased by three times compared to the general population.This is a strong finding but as the children share the same environment as their parents, there is a possibility that the child has learnt the behaviour through the social learning theory of imitating and observing and no t through genetics. Kendler et al studied over 15000 twins in Sweden and found that if one twin has depression, there is a 38% chance that the other twin will have it too. This has strong methodology and is supported by many twin studies who have found similar results. On the other hand the twins share the same environment and so environmental influences may still be possible.The results were nowhere near 100% showing that depression is not fully down to genes, the people may have a genetic vulnerability but it takes something to trigger, perhaps. It is also unclear as to how exactly genes play a role in depression, without knowing the exact genes involved. Another way to access the significance of genes is through adoption studies. Wender found that a child is seven times more likely to have depression if the biological parents were depressed and the adoption parents were not.They found little evidence of depression being learnt. However Wender got his information about biological relatives just from hospital records and so there could be error of misdiagnosis or short-term depression only. The knowledge of whether a person has a genetic vulnerability to depression can be useful as the person is able to take preventative measures (change in lifestyle, diet to bring positivity to avoid depression), but it could be fatalistic as they understand they are more likely to become depressed – leading to depression.Diathesis-stress model says that depression can be better understood as an interaction between genes and environmental factors. Carroll found that high levels of the hormone cortisol are found in those suffering from depression and techniques known to suppress cortisol secretion have been found to be successful in depressive patients. However cortisol is released when stressed and so the high levels could be due to the high levels of stress the person has when they are depressed.As depression is twice as common in women as men, it could be due to the differences in sex hormones. Post-natal depression could be due to the high levels of oestrogen and progesterone that are released during pregnancy and then rapidly decrease once the baby is born which may account for an imbalance of hormones. Cooper disagrees with this statement as there was very little difference in the number of women suffering from depression after childhood and a control group of non-pregnant women at the same age.If imbalance of hormones was the cause then most mothers should get this type of illness but it is only a small number that get it. Menopausal depression is where oestrogen levels drop and hormone replacement therapy appears to be affective in treating many (but not all) women who suffer from this type of depression. However this could be due to the negative thoughts of getting older rather than the hormonal imbalance. Through the biological approach there are many possibilities. I think it is a mixture of biological vulnerabilities and stressful env ironments. Describe and Evaluate Biological Explanations of Depression Describe and evaluate biological explanations of depression There are many different explanations for depression, including biological. Links have been found between biochemical, genetics and hormonal imbalances with depressed people. In the biochemical explanation, a link has been found between neurotransmitter imbalances and depression. Serotonin is associated with pleasure and mood. Mann et al found impaired transmission of serotonin in people with depression. However Julian disagrees with this statement and says depression may be due to neuron damage rather than a neurotransmitter reduction.The problem with this approach is that it implies correlation and not causation, there may be a link but something else could be causing both depression and low serotonin. There is the chicken and egg problem – does low serotonin cause depression or does depression cause low serotonin? In other areas of psychology low serotonin has been linked with increased aggression and eating disord ers, as well as anxiety. Someone that has low serotonin does not necessarily become depressed. There is also the problem where people are depressed but have normal serotonin levels.This shows that depression is not fully down to biochemical imbalances but other things as well. It is a very simplistic and reductionist model and should only be included as a vulnerability and not the whole answer to depression. Another explanation is a genetic problem. Through many family studies Gershon states there is a clear inheritable component to depression, especially in bipolar disorder. Weisseman et al supports this by saying that for if a child has a parent with depression, the risk of the child having depression is increased by three times compared to the general population.This is a strong finding but as the children share the same environment as their parents, there is a possibility that the child has learnt the behaviour through the social learning theory of imitating and observing and no t through genetics. Kendler et al studied over 15000 twins in Sweden and found that if one twin has depression, there is a 38% chance that the other twin will have it too. This has strong methodology and is supported by many twin studies who have found similar results. On the other hand the twins share the same environment and so environmental influences may still be possible.The results were nowhere near 100% showing that depression is not fully down to genes, the people may have a genetic vulnerability but it takes something to trigger, perhaps. It is also unclear as to how exactly genes play a role in depression, without knowing the exact genes involved. Another way to access the significance of genes is through adoption studies. Wender found that a child is seven times more likely to have depression if the biological parents were depressed and the adoption parents were not.They found little evidence of depression being learnt. However Wender got his information about biological relatives just from hospital records and so there could be error of misdiagnosis or short-term depression only. The knowledge of whether a person has a genetic vulnerability to depression can be useful as the person is able to take preventative measures (change in lifestyle, diet to bring positivity to avoid depression), but it could be fatalistic as they understand they are more likely to become depressed – leading to depression.Diathesis-stress model says that depression can be better understood as an interaction between genes and environmental factors. Carroll found that high levels of the hormone cortisol are found in those suffering from depression and techniques known to suppress cortisol secretion have been found to be successful in depressive patients. However cortisol is released when stressed and so the high levels could be due to the high levels of stress the person has when they are depressed.As depression is twice as common in women as men, it could be due to the differences in sex hormones. Post-natal depression could be due to the high levels of oestrogen and progesterone that are released during pregnancy and then rapidly decrease once the baby is born which may account for an imbalance of hormones. Cooper disagrees with this statement as there was very little difference in the number of women suffering from depression after childhood and a control group of non-pregnant women at the same age.If imbalance of hormones was the cause then most mothers should get this type of illness but it is only a small number that get it. Menopausal depression is where oestrogen levels drop and hormone replacement therapy appears to be affective in treating many (but not all) women who suffer from this type of depression. However this could be due to the negative thoughts of getting older rather than the hormonal imbalance. Through the biological approach there are many possibilities. I think it is a mixture of biological vulnerabilities and stressful env ironments.

Purpose of Simple Machines.

Purpose of Simple Machines. Many simple machines have been created even since the early times. According to Ron Kurtus from his website article, "Simple Machines", the ancient Egyptians used levers to lift stones to build their pyramids and ramps to raise them to the top. Also he states that in Roman times, stones were tossed at enemies using catapults. The catapults used levers to fling the stones, and pulleys to pull down the arm of the catapult. The purpose of all of these simple machines is to lessen the amount of work or effort that you must put into a job. The pulley, inclined plane, gear, spring, and lever are good examples of simple machines. In the following paragraphs I will give more information about three of these, the pulley, inclined plane, and the gear.The whole concept the pulley is based on is changing the direction of the force being applied.Block and tackle with six pulleys.Just using a wheel to allow a rope to be pulled in a different direction can be much easier on someone. A pull downward on a rope to lift something is often easier than bending over and picking the load up yourself.Single pulleys are used in many complex machines where the direction of movement must be changed. One of the complex machines that pulleys are used in is the elevator. The elevator car is lowered or raised by large cables and a pulley at the top. The end of the cable has counterweights that balance the weight of the car and passengers. The electric motor turns the pulley so the car moves up and down. Even though you may not notice them, pulleys are everywhere such as on bikes, cable trams, ski lifts, and more.Pulleys can also be connected to be more powerful. For instance, if you connect...

Initialisms and Acronyms

Initialisms and Acronyms Initialisms and Acronyms Initialisms and Acronyms By Mark Nichol Most people know what an acronym is. But few are as familiar with term initialism, or of an important distinction between the two. An acronym is an initial abbreviation that can be pronounced as a word, such as NASA or WASP. This term is also used to refer to a series of initials pronounced individually, such as FBI or TGIF, but the technical term is initialism. What’s the BFD (â€Å"big, fat deal,† though another word starting with f is sometimes used)? The answer is the. Because acronyms like NASA are pronounced as words (â€Å"na-suh,† in this case), there’s no need to precede them with the definite article: You wouldn’t write â€Å"Budget cutbacks hit the NASA hard.† (Though the is essential if NASA is used as an adjective, as in â€Å"Budget cutbacks hit the NASA project hard.†) But initialisms require the: â€Å"The FBI announced his capture several hours later.† That’s because the term is pronounced letter by letter: â€Å"eff-bee-eye.† (The only usage that omits the definite article is in a headline: â€Å"FBI Announces Suspect’s Capture.†) And when do you use an acronym or an initialism, when do you spell it out, and when do you do both? In more formal writing, the standard approach is to introduce an agency, organization, or some other entity that uses such an abbreviation, or abbreviations of terminology, by spelling out the name on first reference. If a subsequent reference (called, in publishing, the second reference, no matter how many times it is repeated) appears in proximity say, the same paragraph and few, if any, other abbreviations appear in the interim, simply use the abbreviation thereafter. However, if the next usage is farther away, it’s best to insert the abbreviation in parentheses immediately after the spelled-out reference to establish an association in the reader’s mind when it’s not supported by proximal use of the abbreviation. If the abbreviation is not mentioned again for some time, or it appears only up to a handful of times, spelling it out again (perhaps every time) is a good idea. Depending on the term and the publication, however, the hand-holding parenthesis may be unnecessary. Many specialized publishers maintain a list of abbreviations familiar to readers of their publications that specifies whether each one requires abbreviation accompanying the spelled-out first reference, or needs to be spelled out at all. For example, an astronomy magazine is likely to note in its house style guide that NASA does not need to be spelled out, and many other publications do likewise because of the familiarity of the agency’s name in our society. By contrast, less common abbreviations like OEM (original equipment manufacturer) should be spelled out except in a manufacturing-industry publication. As with many usage prescriptions, it’s all about the context. Oh, and one more point, so to speak: Notice that no acronym or initialism in this post includes periods. They’re generally considered outdated and superfluous. Even two-letter forms like AM and PM, MD and RN, and BC and AD go without, though US stubbornly retains them in many publications. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:12 Greek Words You Should Know8 Proofreading Tips And Techniques5 Ways to Reduce Use of Prepositions

Revise Answer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Revise Answer - Essay Example (A Federal Reserve Board Chairman Alan Greenspans 1999 Harvard University Commencement speech) The mind is quick to change an individual’s opinion and imagines anything it likes. It is a source of happiness when controlled. The first strategy to strengthen self-control is to conduct an experiment. Assagioli states that most academic psychologists do not research in appropriate ways. The doctors do not go into the laboratory to examine their own experience of the will. Second, is the application of psycosynthesis. Psycosynthesis is holistic, inclusive, and global. Finally, misidentification, and controlling of the will strengthens self-control. Sensation, feeling, thought and intuition lacks a description of psychological life hence no self-control ( article, An interview conducted with Roberto Assagioli by Sam Keen). My gratitude is to my loving mother (Rebecca Peters). She is a mentor, teacher, teacher, guardian, and an idol. She gave words of wisdom, which has driven me until now. For instance, always to believe in myself and most significantly to face all calamities. She showed me to have faith in myself and not to trust everyone. I owe my mum the primary education, shelter, food, beautiful clothing, and health she provided me. The communication and listening skills you taught me. I love you much and thank you mother. Abraham Lincoln had several successes. He became company captain of Illinois militia in Black Hawk War. He became congress and admitted to practice law in U.S District Court. Finally, he became the president of America. However, the failures include; failed in business, defeated for speaker and state legislature. The adaptation strategies include defining a goal. Lincoln set his goals to know the primary objective. Secondly, learning from the suffering process enabled him to persevere and find a solution. Finally, retaining modesty in the face of mystery allowed

Health and wellness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Health and wellness - Essay Example When a person has control over a situation, the stress impact is significantly less. I believe I have control over many responses to stressors in my lifestyle. I can choose to be explosive and highly emotional or examine the situation as a mature individual with a practical lens. My emotional responses to stressors are generally very soft and the test revealed I am a cool responder who manages to cope well in the face of stressful situation. It is a rare occasion, and depends on the severity of the scenario, that I would have an explosive outburst or internalize strong emotional responses. I believe I am well-balanced when handling situations, especially when they are out of my span of control. Basic breathing exercises can assist a person in calming down when getting ready to explode in the face of high stress scenarios. People do not want to listen to suggestions because they lack emotional intelligence and self-awareness and often allow their emotions to take over without looking at the situation rationally. Regulating emotional responses takes time and practice. When emotions are powerful, they want to get rid of these negative feelings so they choose to be inefficient and unhealthy by allowing their charged emotions to take over. It is a form of psychological release that is not healthy, but a product of immature